The Case for 12V Solar Systems
2. Simplicity and Affordability
12V systems are the go-to choice for smaller, off-grid applications. If you're thinking of powering a camper van, a small shed, or a remote cabin with minimal electrical needs, a 12V system could be just what you need. They are generally simpler to install and maintain, which is great if you're not an electrical engineer (and most of us aren't!).
Components for 12V systems, like inverters, charge controllers, and batteries, are often more readily available and less expensive than their 48V counterparts. This makes them an attractive option for budget-conscious DIYers. Plus, many common appliances, like car stereos and some lights, are designed to run on 12V, which means you can plug them directly into your system without needing an inverter (which saves you money and reduces energy loss!).
However, there's a catch. Because of the lower voltage, 12V systems require thicker wires to carry the same amount of power as a 48V system. Think of it like needing a wider pipe to carry the same volume of water at lower pressure. Thicker wires can be more expensive and harder to work with, especially over longer distances. Thats why its crucial to keep wire runs as short as possible in a 12V setup. Each foot of cable reduces the power.
Also, 12V systems are generally not suitable for high-power appliances like air conditioners, refrigerators, or electric stoves. Trying to run these appliances on a 12V system would require extremely thick wires and a large inverter, which would quickly eat into any cost savings. It's kind of like trying to tow a boat with a bicycle — it's just not going to work well.
